Tribal self rule Spread works on the issues of governance in the spirit of the Panchayat Raj extension to Scheduled area( PESA).
73rd Amendment Act in 1992 marks a new era in the federal democratic set –up of the country and provided constitutional status to Panchayatraj Institutions.The Panchayats Extension to Scheduled Areas (PESA) Act 1996 has made it mandatory for the States having scheduled areas to make specific provisions for giving wide-ranging powers to the tribals on matters relating to decision-making and development of their community.
It not only accepts the validity of "customary law, social and religious practices, and traditional management practices of community resources", but also directs the state governments not to make any law which is inconsistent with these.
The programme focus on.
- Advocacy for Operationalization of PESA
- Capacity building of the Panchayat Raj members.
- Capacity building of people on PESA.
- Facilitation Participatory Micro Level Planning for the Palli Sabha & Gram sabha.
- People’s rights- Right to life, Right to food, right to health, Right to education.
- Documentation of tribal culture and values.
- Debate & discussion on tribal identity among the tribal youths.
- Women participation in panchayatraj.
- Model Gram panchayat .
- Social audit & public hearing.
Marginalized People’s Institution Building.
Poor people like tribals & dalits are face multiple deprivations and exclusion of rights. They are deprived of land,livelihoods, employment, property, housing, minimum consumption, education, the welfare benefits and dignity and also face social exclusion. These social groups feel the impact of globalization in most adverse ways. These two social groups dalit( 17%) , tribals( 23%) a significant majority . If there will be alliances of these people they can influence the state to protect their rights.
Focus of this programme.
- Peoples institution building at Village, Gram panchayat, & district level.
- Women groups at village, GP & District level.
- Capacity building of the people’s institution on rights.
- Cadre building.
- Leadership building.
- Alliances with the like-minded people's institutions at state & national level.
- Interface & exposure of people's institutions.
Food security & Livelihood security.
Food insecurity in the underlying crisis for the poor tribals. This is causing irreparable damage to livelihoods of the tribals.During the natural disaster like continuous rain or famine period the tribals are further pushed into vulnerable condition. There are four months of food stress period. In the situation of food insecurity & livlihood insecurity the tribals are forced to borrow from money lenders with high interest , migration to urban places, semi starvation condition and diseases related to severe malnutrition. In this situation women and children are worst sufferers.
The focus of this programme.
- People’s monitoring of Govt. Food schemes & right to food.
- Natural resource management by the community.
- Community managed govt. Public distribution system.
- Community Revolving fund for income generation.
- Women self help groups with thrift & credit.
- Community managed grain banks.
- Trading of NTFE and other agricultural products.
- Vocational training.
- Organic cultivation.
Land rights. Land for others may be an object for agriculture but land for tribals is a part of larger socio economic structure of society, which is handed over from one generation to another as a sources life sustenance.In the process of land grab by the non tribals and the state, the innocent tribals have been affected more. In order to meet their dire necessities, the tribals become easy prey of mortgaging their land to non tribals. With the opening of tribal areas to non tribal people, land of the tribals has become a marketable commodity. The sate in the name of development continues to acquire land, over which tribals has a stake, in a large measure. Land is primary basis for wealth, status and power. Access to land is therefore a critical factor which determines how wealth, power and status are distributed within the society and household. This is more so in the rural areas where land decides power relationship. On the other hand landlessness erodes social status and makes people economically vulnerable and mentally insecure. Land rights for women is a necessary precondition for their empowerment. To women land rights do not just imply control over a piece of object called land but it has tremendous social, cultural and economic implications. It can be a security against abject poverty, a means to access credit, technology and other services, the capacity to challenge male oppression and domestic violence or even can be a symbolic sense of identity, ownership and control are critical in the context of gender.
Focus of this programme.
- Study of the area on land holding status.
- Land literacy for the landless people.
- Land entitlements for landless.
- Community land mapping.
- Rights of Forest dwellers on reserve forest area.
- Land mela.
- Advocacy for simple land laws for tribals.
- Land entitlements for women.
- Developing literature on land laws
- Lobbying & advocacy for land rights of tribals.
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